Solution of Chapter 12. Sound (Science Important Questions Book)

Chapter Exercises

Important Questions

1 Mention factors that the time-period of a simple pendulum depends and does not depend on?view answer >
2 What happens to the period of a simple pendulum when its length is made one-fourth?view answer >
3 Define compression and rarefaction.view answer >
4 Show how the speed of sound depends on the humidity of air?view answer >
5 Define amplitude ?view answer >
6 What keeps the simple pendulum oscillating?view answer >
7 What is the frequency in hertz, if 25 waves are produced per second?view answer >
8 Sound waves travel with a speed of about 330m/s. What is the wavelength of sound whose frequency is 550 hertz?view answer >
9 Sound waves require a material medium. Illustrate.view answer >
10 Write a note on echoes.view answer >
11 What makes the simple pendulum oscillate?view answer >
12 Why does a wave require a material medium for its propagation?view answer >
13 How do we classify wave on the basis of material medium?view answer >
14 Give examples of waves, which have both longitudinal and transverse components.view answer >
15 Explain how transverse and longitudinal waves are called simple harmonic waves.view answer >
16 Derive the relation between wave velocity, frequency and wavelength for a periodic wave.view answer >
17 Longitudinal waves can be propagated through all media, solid, liquid and gas, but transverse waves can propagate only through solids. Explain why.view answer >
18 Explain how an echo is heard?view answer >
19 How can bats move about freely even in a total darkness?view answer >
20 What is ultrasonography? How is it used?view answer >

Very Short Answer (1 Mark)

1

How does the sound produced by a vibrating object in a medium reach your ear?

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2

Guess which sound has a higher pitch: guitar or a car horn?

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3

Suppose you and your friend are on the moon. Will you be able to hear any sound produced by your friend?

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4

Which wave property determines

(a) Loudness


(b) Pitch?

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5

How are the wavelength and frequency of a sound wave related to its speed?

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6

Name the type of waves which are used by astronauts to communicate with one another on moon (or in outer spece).

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7

A submarine sends a sonar pulse, which returns from an underwater cliff in 1.02 s. If the speed of sound in salt water is 1531 m/s, how far away is the cliff?

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8

Why are the ceiling of concert halls curved?

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Short Answer (2 Marks)

9

Calculate that wavelength of a sound wave frequency is 220 Hz and speed is 440 m/s in a given medium.

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10

A person is listening to a tone of 500 Hz sitting at a distance of 450 m from the source of the sound. What is the time interval between successive compressions from the sources?

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11

An echo returned in 3 s. What is the distance of the reflecting surface from the source, given that the speed of sound is 342 m s-1?

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12

Two children are at opposite ends of an aluminium rod. One strikes the end of rod with a stone. Find the ratio of times taken by sound wave in air and in aluminium to reach the second child (Given: Speed of sound in air = 346 m/s; Speed of sound in aluminium = 6240 m/s)

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13

Flash and thunder are produced simultaneously. But thunder is heard a few seconds after the flash is seen. Why?

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14

What type of wave is represented :

(a) by density-distance graph?


(b) by displacement-distance graph?

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15

State the general name of the waves on which the particles of the medium vibrate:

(i) in the same direction as wave.


(ii) at right angles to the direction of wave.

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16

What is sonar? Explain its use.

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17

The flash of a gun is seen by a man 3 seconds before the sound is heard. Calculate the distance of the gun from the man (Speed of sound in air is 332 m/s).

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18

Explain the terms ‘crests’ and ‘troughs’ of a wave? What type of waves consist of crests and troughs?

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19

What are longitudinal waves and transverse waves? Explain with the help of labelled diagrams.

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20

What is loudness of sound? What factors does it depend on?

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Short Answer (3 Marks)

21

What is reverberation? How can it be reduced?

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22

Does sound follow the same laws of reflection as light does? Explain.

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23

When a sound is reflected from a distant object, an echo is produced. Let the distance between the reflecting surface and the source of sound production remains the same. Do you hear echo sound on a hotter day?

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24

A sonar device on a submarine sends out a signal and receives an echo 5 s later. Calculate the speed of sound in water if the distance of the object from the submarine is 3625 m.

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25

A stone is dropped from the top of a tower 500 m high into a pond of water at the base of the tower. When is the splash heard at the top? Giving g = 10 ms-2 and speed of sound = 340 ms-1.

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26

Define the following terms:

(1) Echolocation


(2) Echocardiography, and


(3) Ultrasonography.

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27

Define the terms ‘frequency’, ‘wavelength’ and ‘velocity’ of a sound wave. What is the relation between them?

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Long Answer (5 Marks)

28

Draw a neat and labelled diagram of the human ear. With the help of this diagram, explain the construction and working of the human ear.

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29

A device called oscillator is used to send waves along a stretched string. The string is 20 cm long, and four complete waves fit along its length when the oscillator vibrates 30 times per second. For the waves on the string:

(a) what is their wavelength?


(b) what is their frequency?


(c) what is their speed?

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30

A sound producing body is at considerable distance from a man. There can be four different media W, X, Y and Z between the sound producing body and the man. The medium X brings the sound to man most quickly whereas medium Z tajes the maximum time. The time taken by medium W in bringing sound to man is less than that of X but more than that of Z. The medium Y, however, fails to bring the sound from the sound producing body to the man. Which medium could be the one:

(a) having no fixed shape and no fixed volume?


(b) having a fixed volume but no fixed shape?


(c) having the same composition as that on the moon?


(d) having a fixed shape and a fixed volume?

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