How can we help in reducing the problem of waste disposal? Suggest any three methods.

OR

Define an ecosystem. Draw a block diagram to show the formation of energy in an ecosystem.

Waste disposal problems can be reduced by:

i) Following the three R’s: Reuse, Refuse and Recycle.

ii) Biodegradable wastes can be composted.

iii) Non-biodegradable wastes can be recycled as much as possible.

iv) Waste should be segregated before being dumped.

v) Reduction in the use of non-biodegradable substances.

OR

An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in a particular area. The living and physical components are linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows.

Every organism in the ecosystem depends on energy to live. The main source of this energy is of course photosynthesis which allows plants to make their own food. Now photosynthesis requires sunlight, therefore, sunlight is the basic source of energy. Plants use sunlight to make food. Further plants are eaten by herbivores and the energy is transferred from plants to the herbivore. This herbivore would then be consumed by a carnivore and the energy would get transferred to the carnivore from the herbivore. So, the block diagram would look like: