Algae are known to reproduce asexually by variety of spores under different environmental conditions. Name these spores and the conditions under which they are produced.

Some of the asexual spores produced by algae are:

• Zoospore: a) structure: thin walled spores, motile flagellated.

a) It is produced under favourable conditions

• Aplanospores: a) Structure: thin walled, non motile spores [lacks flagella].

B) It is produced under unfavourable conditions.

• Hypnospores: a) Structure: these are the thick walled spores.

b) It helps to tide over unfavourable conditions.

• Akinites : a) Structure: these are from the vegetative cells, thick cell wall.

b) formed under unfavourable condition.

• Hormogonia: a) Structure: these are the fragments of filaments formed due to breakage of thallus due to the formation of mucilaginous filled necridia.

b) formed under unfavourable condition.