(a) Draw a labelled diagram of the human female reproductive system.
(b) Enumerate the events in the ovary of a human female during:
(i) Follicular phase
(ii) Luteal phase of menstrual cycle
OR
(a) Write the specific location and the functions of the following cells in human males:
(i) Leydig cells
(ii) Sertoli cells
(iii) Primary spermatocyte
(b) Explain the role of any two accessory glands in human male reproductive system.
The human female reproductive system includes: a pair of ovaries along with a pair of oviducts, uterus, cervix, vagina and the external genitalia. The female external genitalia include mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, hymen and clitoris.
a)
b)
v Follicular Phase (Proliferative Phase)
Ø It is a 6 to 7 period in the cycle .
Ø FSH is secreted which stimulates release of estrogen.
Ø Proliferation of endometrium takes place.
Ø Endometrium becomes thick and increase in glands and vessels takes place in the wall/lining.
v Luteal Phase (Secretory Phase) :-
Ø It is a approx 13 day period in the cycle, from 15th to 28th day.
Ø LH surge and ovulation takes place.
Ø Corpus luteum is also formed which releases progesterone in large amount.
Ø Watery mucus secretion by vaginal glands increases.
Ø Endothelium is maintained for implantation.
Ø If fertilization does not take place then corpus luteum degenerates and endothelium disintegrates.
OR
a)
i) Ledig cells :- Ledig cells are also known as interstitial cells .These are present in the interstitial space outside the seminiferous tubules. Function of ledig cells is to synthesise and secrete testicular hormone called " Androgen".
ii) Sertoli cells:- Sertoli cells are present in the inner lining of seminiferous tissue. It’s function is to provide nutrition to spermatids, and is thus also called as ‘Nurse Cell’. iii)Primary Spermatocyte :- It causes the initiation of meiosis and formation of 2 haploid secondary spermatocytes.
b) The role of male accessory glands are :-
i) Secretion of seminal gland is rich in fructose, calcium and some enzymes which help in survival and motility of sperms.
ii) Secretion of bulbourethral gland helps in lubrication of penis.