A garden pea plant (A) produced inflated yellow pod, and another plant (B) of the same species produced constricted green pods. Identify the dominant traits.

Going by the traits in pea plants as compared by Mendel, in garden pea plant A, the 'inflated' trait is dominant while the colour 'yellow' is a recessive trait.

In garden pea plant (B), the 'constricted ' pod shape is recessive while the colour 'green' is a dominant trait.

Hence, Inflated green pod is the dominant trait and constricted yellow pod is the recessive trait.

Here's a list of the traits as compared by Mendel for pea plants: