How will you carry out the following conversions?

(i) toluene p-toluidine


(ii) p-toluidine diazonium chloride p-toluic acid



(i) toluene p-toluidine



Toluene is allowed to react with nitrating reagent to form p-nitrotoulene and the nitro group is further reduced to p-toluidine by Fe/HCl.


(ii) p-toluidine diazonium chloride p-toluic acid



The chloride ion in p-toluidine diazonium chloride is replaced by –CN group in the presence of Cu+ ion. This reaction is called Sandmeyer reaction. The –CN group in then hydrolysed to -COOH group.


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