Continuous X-rays are made to strike a tissue paper soaked with polluted water. The incoming X-rays excite the atoms of the sample by knocking out the electrons from the inner shells. Characteristic X-rays are subsequently emitted. The emitted X-rays are analysed and the intensity is plotted against the wavelength figure. Assuming that only Kα intensities are detected, list the elements present in the sample from the plot. Use Moseley’s equation.


Given:


v = (25 × 1014 HZ) (Z – 1)2.



Using Moseley’s equation


v = (25 × 1014 HZ) (Z – 1)2


I case


λ = 78.9× 10-12 m
Therefore,






Element with z = 40 is Zr - zirconium


II case











Element with z =30 is Zn-zinc


III case




Therefore,







Element with z = 29 is Cu-copper


VI case




therefore,






Z = 25.6162 = 26(approx.)
Element with Z = 26 is Fe-Iron


The elements Present in the polluted water are Zirconium, Zinc, Copper and Iron.


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