Match the pollutant(s) in Column I with the effect(s) in Column II.

Question

Philoid · Accepted Answer

(i) Oxides of sulphur - (d) Respiratory diseases

Explanation:Oxides of sulphur are produced when sulphur-containing fossil fuel is burnt. The most poisonous gas is sulphur dioxide which in low concentrations can cause respiratory diseases like asthma, bronchitis, emphysema in human beings.

(ii) Nitrogen dioxide - (e) Red haze in traffic and congested areas

Explanation:The irritant red haze in the traffic and congested places is due to oxides of nitrogen. Nitric oxide reacts with oxygen instantly to give nitrogen dioxide and the rate of nitrogen dioxide is faster when nitric oxide reacts with ozone in the stratosphere.

(iii) Carbon dioxide - (a) Global warming

Explanation:Carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere by numerous ways which include respiration by animals and plants, fossil fuels burning for retrieval of energy and by decomposition of limestone during the manufacturing of cement. Deforestation and burning of fossil fuel increase the Carbon dioxide level and disturb the balance in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is mainly responsible for causing and promoting global warming.

(iv)Nitrate in drinking water -(c) ‘Blue baby’ syndrome

Explanation:Purified or clean drinking water is generally used for various purposes which include – drinking, cooking or cleaning etc. so as to avoid the occurrence of any kind of diseases. According to the International Standards, the maximum limit of nitrate that can be present in drinking water is 50ppm. On the other hand, excess nitrate in drinking water can lead to cause methemoglobinemia or commonly called as ‘blue baby syndrome’.

(v) Lead - (b) Damage to kidney

Explanation:Hygiene is of prime importance. To stay fit and fine we must drink and eat hygienic, covered, clean and nutritious food/water. Sometimes, if we consume contaminated water/food we acquire various diseases.According to the International Standards, the upper limit of concentration of lead in drinking water is to be 50 ppb. Otherwise, Pbcan cause variousproblems kidney, liver, reproductive system etc.