Assertion (A): Nitration of benzene requires the use of concentrated sulphuric acid and nitric acid.

Reason (R): The mixture of acids produces the electrophile for the reaction.

A. A and R both are correct but R is not the explanation of A.

B. A is false but R is correct.

C. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

D. A and R both are incorrect.

C. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

A nitro group can be introduced into the benzene ring by heating benzene with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulphuric acid which is called nitrating mixture.

This nitrating mixture forms a very good electrophile called nitronium ion and then it attacks on benzene ring to form nitrobenzene.