The amplifiers X, Y and Z are connected in series. If the voltage gains of X, Y and Z are 10, 20 and 30, respectively and the input signal is 1 mV peak value, then what is the output signal voltage (peak value)

(i) if dc supply voltage is 10V?

(ii) if dc supply voltage is 5V?

Given:

Voltage gain of X = 10

Voltage gain of Y = 20

Voltage gain of Z = 30

Input signal V_i = 1 mV

Since the three amplifiers are connected in series, the net gain would be

Then the output signal voltage will be

(i) Now, if the supply voltage is 10 V the output voltage will be 6V, since the output can never be greater than 6 V.

(ii) If the supply voltage is 5V, saturation occurs and the output voltage will not exceed 5V, therefore peak output voltage = 5V.