What are the various challenges faced by political parties?

Challenges faced by the political parties are as follows:

a) There is a tendency in political parties towards concentration of power in one or a few leaders at the top. Ordinary members do not get sufficient information on what happens inside the party. Leaders make maximum decisions in the name of party. i.e. Lack of Internal Democracy is a big challenge faced by political parties.

b) There also have been dynastic successions in many political parties which often deprives the parties of appropriate leadership.

c) Most of the parties focused only on winning elections, they tend to use short-cuts to win elections. This hampers development and is against the spirit of democracy.

d) Due to lack of ideological differences between the political parties, many parties do not offer a meaningful choice to the voters.