Briefly describe the following:

Transcription

Transcription:

The process of copying genetic information from one strand of DNA into RNA is called transcription. Only a segment of DNA and only one strand is copied into RNA. A transcription unit in DNA contains three regions, a Promoter, the Structural gene, a Terminator. There is single DNA-dependent RNA polymerase that catalyses transcription in bacteria. RNA polymerase binds to promoter and initiates transcription. It also facilitates opening of the helix and continues elongation. Only a short stretch of RNA remains bound to the enzyme. Once the polymerases reaches the terminator region, the RNA falls off and the RNA polymerase. This results in termination of transcription.