Give one chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.

Ethylamine and aniline

Azo-dye test can be used to distinguish ethylamine and aniline.

Azo-dye test: A dye is obtained when aromatic amines react with HNO₂ (NaNO₂ + dil.HCl) at 0-5°C, followed by a reaction with the alkaline solution of 2-naphthol. The dye is usually yellow, red, or orange in colour. Aliphatic amines give a brisk effervescence due to the evolution of N₂ gas under similar conditions.

Reaction:

Ethylamine;

Aniline;

CH₃CH₂ – NH₂ + HONO C₂H₅OH + N₂↑ + H₂O