How was the Industrial Revolution responsible for giving rise to sociology?

Industrial revolution is said to be responsible for giving rise to sociology because it resulted in major changes in the social life. Some of them are being discussed below –

1. Capitalism: Capitalism is a type of social system where entrepreneurs are more interested in making profit. Due to industrial revolution, capitalism developed as a new form of economic activity and the growth of industries developed new attitude and market acted as the major instrument of productive life.

2. Degradation of Labour: The industrial revolution developed new methods of organising labour and market and it resulted in degradation of skilled craftsmen and common labours.

3. New urban world: People migrated from rural areas to urban areas and then the new urban world was characterized by overcrowded slums, pollutions from factories, new industrial working class, bad sanitation, new form of social interaction, etc.

4. Factory and mechanical division of labour: Industries developed the concept of collective functioning and continuous effort for better conditions and some sociologists took it as a deliberate attempt to destroy the peasants, artisan, family and local community.

5. Clock time as the basis for social organisation: The production process carried on by industries required the synchronisation of labour, on punctuality, steady pace and work urgency and so the social organisation of people were organised by the clock time.

6. Advent of modern Industrial society: The modern industrial society was developed due to industrialisation, which brought change in social behaviour and society. This developed the need to study the human behaviour and to monitor the thoughts and attitudes of the people and this gave birth to many sociological theories.