Evaluate the following determinant:

Applying C₃→ C₃ – C₂, we get,

Applying C₂ → C₂ + C₁, we get,

Applying C₂→ C₂ – 5C₁ and C₃ →C₃ – 5C₁ we get,

= 1[( – 7)( – 36) – ( – 20)( – 13)] = 252 – 260

= – 8

So, Δ = – 8