Describe the social organisations of the Massai’s in the pre-colonial times. What changes occurred in Maasai’s society during the colonial rule?

The Massai society was divided into two social groups in pic-colonial times - elders and warriors.

1. The elders were the ruling group and met in periodic councils to decide on the affairs of the community and settle disputes.

2. The warriors consisted of young people, responsible for the protection of the tribe. They defended the community and organised cattle raids.

3. Raiding was an important activity in a society where cattle was wealth.

4. It was the way through which different pastoral groups asserted their superiority.

The changes during the British rule are as follows:

1. The British introduced a number of measures which changed the lives of the Maasai.

2. The chiefs of different sub-groups were appointed to look after the affairs of the tribe. Restrictions were imposed on raiding and warfare.

3. So, the traditional authority of both the elders and warriors changed dramatically.

4. The difference based on age, between elders and warriors broke down, and a new distinction was developed between the rich and poor pastoralists.

5. The chiefs appointed by the colonial government became rich overtime. They had regular income with which they purchased land, goods, animals and also get involved in trade. But the poor pastoralists worked as charcoal, burners or work in road or building construction or did odd jobs.

6.