Who had organized the Dalits into the ‘Depressed Classes Association’ in 1930? Describe his achievements.

OR

Define the term ‘Civil Disobedience Movement’. Describe the participation of rich and poor peasant communities in the ‘Civil Disobedience Movement.’

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar had organized the Dalit into Depressed Classes Association’ in 1930. His achievements are mentioned below:

1. At the Second Round Table Conference, he debated with Mahatma Gandhi on demanding a separate electorate for Dalits.

2. Due to his efforts, Dalits were given reservation in the provincial and central legislative council.

3. He always worked for the improvement of the status of Dalits.

4. He was also the Chairman of the drafting committee in the Constituent Assembly and is the main architect behind the Constitution of India.

OR

Civil Disobedience Movement means the refusal of the general public to accept the laws, orders, commands and rules of the governing authority of the country. Since it is usually carried out in a non-violent manner, it is termed as civil disobedience.

1. In the Civil Disobedience Movement, people were asked to withdraw their cooperation from the British and break the colonial laws.

2. Thousands of people broke the salt law all over the country.

3. The rich peasant communities were very active in this movement because they had greatly suffered by the trade depression and the fall of agriculture. This included the Patidars of Gujarat and the Jats of Uttar Pradesh.

4. They fought for freedom because it was a fight against high revenues.

5. Congress did not support the no rent campaign of poor peasants. This was because they not only demanded the reduction of revenue but also, they wanted the unpaid rent to the landlord to be remitted.