Observe the set of 4 figures A, B, C and D and, answer the following questions

i. Which one of the figures shows mutualism?

ii. What kind of association is shown in D?

iii. Name the organisms and the association in C.

iv. What role is the insect performing in B?

i. Figure A shows mutualism, this interaction confers benefits on both the interacting species. Figure A shows a pollinator (bee) on a flower.

ii. Figure D shows an association of predation, in this type of interaction only one species benefits. In this figure leopard is eating deer.

iii. Figure C shows egrets and grazing cattle. The association in this figure is commensalism, here one species is benefitted and the other is neither benefitted nor harmed.

iv. In figure B the insect is phytophagous that feed on sap of the flower. The insect is playing the role of a scavenger. Scavenger is an animal that feeds on dead organisms.