Q15 of 67 Page 103

Fill in the trophic levels (1, 2, 3 and 4) in the boxes provided in the figure.


1) producers


2) Primary consumers


3) Secondary consumers


4) Tertiary consumers (Topmost carnivore)


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What are the shortcomings of ecological pyramids in the study of ecosystem?

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How do you distinguish between humification and mineralisation?

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The rate of decomposition of detritus is affected by the abiotic factors like availability of oxygen, pH of the soil substratum, temperature etc. Discuss.

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A farmer harvests his crop and expresses his harvest in three different ways.

a. I have harvested 10 quintals of wheat.


b. I have harvested 10 quintals of wheat today in one acre of land.


c. I have harvested 10 quintals of wheat in one acre of land, 6 months after sowing.


Do the above statements mean one and the same thing. If your answer is yes, give reasons. And if your answer is ‘no’ explain the meaning of each expression.