Describe the teachings of Buddha philosophy.

Buddhism is based upon the principles of Buddha who attained enlightenment and spread the message of peaceful worship.

His teachings are understood through his recorded preaching that aid in the attainment of permanent peace.

(i) Four Noble Truths:

The basis of philosophical teachings, focusing upon the existence of sorrow, the reason and path of ending all sorrows. He maintained that sorrows in life are caused due to the desire of man, which can be resolved through the eight-fold path, which can eliminate the cause of worldly pleasure and cycle of pain.
These were: right view, right aspiration, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration.

(ii) Emphasis on values and ethics:

Buddha placed great emphasis on maintaining values and ethics which lead to purity of speech, mind and action. He advised 10 morals or code of conduct.
Following Ahimsa, not commit theft, not speak falsely, keeping away from dance and music, keeping away from pleasure, not take food at incorrect times, renouncing soft beds and wealth.

(iii) Emphasis on Arguments:

Buddha was a rational man who believed that opposing conservative ideas and rituals by independent arguments and not following blind faith.

(iv) No faith in the Existence of God:

He did not believe in the existence of God or the creation theory of God. He was thus considered an atheist by some.

(v) No belief in the immortality of the soul:

He did not believe in the immortality of the soul and did not comment if he thought a soul existed or not. His views remained ambiguous.

(vi) Faith in the law of Karma:

He placed heavy emphasis on the law of Karma that man reaps the result of his actions and deeds. He believed that there is a rebirth of the ego to pay for the karmic deeds of the person. When the desires and passions of a person come to an end, the ego is destroyed and attains Nirvana.

(vii) Importance of Ahimsa:

Buddha spoke of harming others is a great sin and placed emphasis on the purity of conscience.

(vii) Attaining Nirvana:

Buddha believed that the main objective of Buddhism was to aid man to attain Nirvana or salvation through extinguishing the need for illusions and thoughts of passion.