By which constitutional Amendment urban local self bodies get effective and strong position?

b) is correct. In 1992, the 74^th Constitutional Amendment was passed, which made it mandatory for state governments to transfer powers to urban local bodies and gave them constitution status.

a) is incorrect. This amendment pertained to changes in Fundamental Rights.

c) is incorrect. This amendment pertained to the inclusion of the word SOCIALIST in the preamble of our constitution.

d) is incorrect. This amendment pertained to granting constitutional status to rural local bodies in the country.