What do you understand by the double helical structure of DNA? Who proposed this structure?
James Watson and Francis Crick proposed the double helical structure of the DNA. According to this structure,
• DNA molecule consists of two polynucleotide strands forming a double helix. Each helical turn has a length of 3.4nm in which ten nucleotides are present.
• Each polynucleotide strand has a backbone of sugar and phosphate. The nitrogenous base is attached to the sugar.
• The nitrogenous bases of the two strands of a double helix form a pair with the help of hydrogen bonds. Adenine pairs with thymine by two hydrogen bonds, whereas guanine pairs with cytosine by three hydrogen bonds.
• The hydrogen bonds hold the two strands of the helix together.
• DNA molecule consists of two polynucleotide strands forming a double helix. Each helical turn has a length of 3.4nm in which ten nucleotides are present.
• Each polynucleotide strand has a backbone of sugar and phosphate. The nitrogenous base is attached to the sugar.
• The nitrogenous bases of the two strands of a double helix form a pair with the help of hydrogen bonds. Adenine pairs with thymine by two hydrogen bonds, whereas guanine pairs with cytosine by three hydrogen bonds.
• The hydrogen bonds hold the two strands of the helix together.
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During which stage can the chromosomes be seen clearly? Write the features of the eukaryotic and prokaryotic chromosomes.