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Define vital capacity. What is its significance?

The vital Capacity (VC) of a person during respiration is the maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration or the maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration. Vital capacity includes ERV (Expiratory Reserve volume), TV (total volume), IRV (Inspiratory Reserve Volume).

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2 State the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal breathing. 3 Diffusion of gases occurs in the alveolar region only and not in the other parts of respiratory system. Why? 4 What are the major transport mechanisms for CO2? Explain. 5 What will be the pO2 and pCO2 in the atmospheric air compared to those in the alveolar air ?  (i) pO2 lesser, pCO2 higher(ii) pO2 higher, pCO2 lesser(iii) pO2 higher, pCO2 higher(iv) pO2 lesser, pCO2 lesser