Q25 of 40 Page 129

Describe the change in hybridisation (if any) of the Al atom in the following reaction.

The valence orbital picture of aluminum in the ground state can be shown as:


The orbital picture of aluminum in the excited state can be shown as:



Hence, it undergoes sp2 hybridization to give a trigonal planar arrangement (in AlCl3). To form AlCl4–, the empty 3pz orbital also gets involved and the hybridization changes from sp2 to sp3. As a result, the shape becomes tetrahedral.


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