Answer the following questions.

A) What are the factors affecting the salinity of the sea water?

B) Explain the distribution of salinity around the Tropic of Cancer and tropic of Capricorn.

C) What are the factors affecting the temperature of the sea water?

D) Explain the changes occurring in the temperature of sea water according to the depth.

E) Name the factors affecting salinity.

A) Evaporation of ocean water and formation of sea ice both increase the salinity of the ocean these are the are the factors affecting the salinity of the sea water.

B) The Tropic of Cancer is the circle marking the latitude 23.5 degrees north, where the sun is directly overhead at noon on June 21, the beginning of summer in the northern hemisphere. The Tropic of Capricorn is the circle marking the latitude 23.5 degrees south where the sun is directly overhead at noon on December 21, the beginning of winter in the northern hemisphere. Ocean salinity is on average 35 ppt, but can range anywhere from 33-38 ppt depending on the processes affecting it (like precipitation and evaporation). Surface salinity can even reach as high as 40 ppt in areas like the Red Sea, which is in a high evaporation latitude.

C) The salinity of water in surface layer of oceans mainly depend on evaporation and precipitation and transportation of rain water in the cycle of water.

D) As we go down in the sea, the intensity of sunlight will decrease due to scattering and hence the temperature will increase with the depth.

E) The salinity of water in the surface layer of oceans depend mainly on evaporation and precipitation.