What is the role of epiglottis and diaphragm in respiration? (AS1)

Epiglottis:

1. The epiglottis is a covering of the glottis which prevents movement of food and liquid from going into the trachea or wind pipe.

2. It allows air to pass through the larynx and the respiratory system.

Diaphragm:

1. It is a muscular structure which separates the chest from the abdomen.

2. It contracts during inhalation, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity.

3. Its contraction, allows air to enter into lungs.

4. The diaphragm relaxes during exhalation, decreasing the volume of the thoracic cavity.

5. Its relaxation guides the air to leave the air from lungs through the nose to the atmosphere.