Prepare an essay to give a talk on biodiversity and conservation.

Biodiversity refers to the variability and variety of different species of plants and animals on Earth. This variety contributes towards making our planet inhabitable.

The reason for unequal distribution of various organisms in different parts of the world is the varied climatic conditions. There is greater terrestrial biodiversity near the equator and this is caused due to warm climate and high primary productivity.

India shows a good number of endemic species. About 62% of worlds’ amphibians and 50% of lizards are endemic to Western Ghats of India .In the list of the world’s 100 most threatened species two are from Andhra Pradesh list released by International Union for Conservation of Nature and the Zoological Society of London, Gooty tarantula, a spider found in Nandyal and Giddalur areas of Kurnool and Prakasham and the Great Indian Bustard found in Rollapadu Bird Sanctuary in Kurnool are mentioned as the most threatened. Keeping track of Endangered Species W.W.F.(World Wildlife Federation) or the I.U.W.C(International Union for Wildlife Conservation ) published a book containing the details of endangered and threatened species of Flora and Fauna called as RED DATA BOOK or RED LIST BOOK. The Red data book symbolizes a warning signal for those species which are endangered

and have to be protected. According to noted ecologist E.O. Wilson every year nearly 10,000 species or 27 species per day become extinct throughout the world. If this trend of extinction continues, the very existence of man will be affected.

Government of India has taken initiative to conserve wildlife by making National parks and Sanctuaries to conserve forest,

flora and fauna from being destroyed. Conserving the biodiversity in a wider perspective is utilizing the forest resources judiciously without affecting the ecosystems so that we can have a sustainable development and the biodiversity can be conserved and life on

earth survive forever.

It is essential to maintain rich diversity to build a harmonious environment. It enables the survival of human beings by providing them their basic needs such food, shelter, medicines, etc. However, the increasing pollution which is continually degrading the environment is also having a negative impact on biodiversity. Several species that inhabited Earth earlier are now extinct and many other are feared to be extinct in the coming years. This will further lead to environmental imbalance and can prove to be hazardous for the human species.