Using the elements enclosed in the bottle, frame formulae for some compounds.

1. Components= Hydrogen & Oxygen

Formulae= H₂O

Explanation: Water is a compound of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom in the ratio 2:1 by volume.

2H₂ + O₂→ 2H₂O

2. Components = Sodium & chlorine

Formulae = NaCl

Explanation: One sodium atom combines with one chlorine atom to form sodium chloride.

Na + Cl → NaCl

3. Components = Carbon, hydrogen & oxygen

Formulae = C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁

Explanation: Sugar is a compound which is made up of 12 carbon atoms, 22 hydrogen atoms & 11 oxygen atoms.

4. Components = Sodium, carbon, hydrogen & oxygen

Formulae = NaHCO₃

Explanation: Baking soda is sodium hydrogen carbonate

Na₂CO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O → 2NaHCO₃

5. Components = Calcium, oxygen & chlorine

Formulae = CaOCl₂

Explanation: Bleaching powder is formed by passing chlorine gas over slaked lime

Ca(OH)2 + Cl₂ → CaOCl₂ + H₂O

6. Components = Calcium & oxygen

Formulae = CaO

Explanation: Calcium oxide is formed by thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate.

CaCO₃→ CaO + CO₂

7. Components = Calcium, oxygen & hydrogen

Formulae = Ca(OH)₂

Explanation: It is obtained by combining calcium oxide with water.

CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂

8. Components = Calcium, carbon & oxygen

Formulae = CaCO₃

Explanation: Calcium carbonate is formed by passing carbon dioxide into a solution of calcium hydroxide.

Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂→ CaCO₃ + H₂O

9. Components = Magnesium & chlorine

Formulae = MgCl₂

Explanation: It indicates two atoms of chlorine chemically combined with magnesium to form magnesium chloride.

Mg + Cl₂→ MgCl₂

10. Components = Magnesium & oxygen

Formulae = MgO

Explanation: It indicates one oxygen molecule chemically combined with magnesium to form magnesium oxide.

2Mg + O₂→ MgO

11. Components = Potassium & chlorine

Formulae = KCl

Explanation: One potassium atom combines with one chlorine atom to form potassium chloride.

K + Cl → KCl

12. Components = Hydrogen & chlorine

Formulae = HCl

Explanation: One hydrogen atom combines with one chlorine atom to form hydrogen chloride.

H + Cl → HCl

13. Components = Calcium & Chlorine

Formulae = CaCl₂

Explanation: One calcium atom combines with two chlorine atom to form calcium chloride.

Ca + Cl₂→ CaCl₂