Explain the internal structure of the Earth. Also, draw a labeled diagram.

Structure of the earth is layered in spherical hell like an onion. The distance between surface and center is 6371 km. The internal structure of the earth is composed of three type of layers. The thickness of these layers is estimated on the basis of their chemical or mechanical characteristics.

a) Crust: It is the outermost layer of the earth which is solid. Its thickness is not the same at all the places. Due to this difference in the thickness of the crust, mountains and oceans are formed. The surface further subdivided into 2 groups:-

i) Lithosphere

ii) Hydrosphere

Atmosphere included in the lithosphere. The lithosphere is mainly made up of soil.

b) Mantle: It is the thickest layer. It is mainly made of hot and molten rocks. The amount of iron and magnesium in these silicate rocks is more than the rocks of the crust. The mantle is subdivided into upper mantle and lower mantle.

c) Core: The innermost layer of the earth is called the core. It is the deepest layer of the earth hence it has the highest temperature (7000⁰C). The real cause of the hotness of the core is the heat left inside it during the formation of the earth. The core is divided into two part –

i) Solid Inner core

ii) Liquid Outer core

The inner core is made up of pure iron. Whereas the outer core composed of iron and nickel. Core density is higher than the density of crust. The main cause of this is the presence of magnesium.