Write an account of iron steel industries of India.

a. The major mineral based industry of India is the iron and steel industry located either near the coal fields or iron ore mines or midway between the coal and iron ore fields.

b. A vast portion of iron and steel industries in India are located in the Chota Nagpur Plateau because of its geographical features along with the availability of resources which includes high grade hematite and magnetite iron ore available from the mines of Jharkhand, Bihar, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.

c. Jharia and Singbhum in Jharkhand, Raniganj in West Bengal have abundant coking coal used in manufacturing high grade steel.

d. A high availability of flux material in West Bengal are purifying.

e. Also, minerals are available in places like Ranchi (limestone), Jabalpur and Dhanbad (silica), Madhya Pradesh (dolomite) and Bihar (quartz).

f. India has 11 integrated steel plants and 150 mini steel plants which suits the Indian economy as it requires less investment.

g. Many companies were introduced too like Tata Iron and Steel company (TISCO) which produces Pig iron and crude steel located at Jamshedpur. Indian Iron and Steel Company (IISCO) located at Kullti, Burpur and Hirapur. Visveshwaraya Iron and Steel limited (VISL) at Bhadravati in Karnataka which produces alloy and special steel, Hindustan Steel Limited which are present in states namely Chhattisgarh (Bhilai), Odisha (Rourkela), West Bengal (Durgapur) and Jharkhand (Bokaro) manufacturing alloy, steel plates, fertilizers and so on irrespectively.

h. The Salem plant at Salem in Tamil Nadu which is the major producer of world class stainless steel demanded from all around the world, the Vijayanagar Steel Plant at Tornagal (Karnataka) and lastly The Vishakhapatnam Steel Plant which is a major exporter of oriented steel plant.