Q23 of 56 Page 219

Define the term double fertilization in plants. After fertilization name the part in each case which develops into (i) the fruit (ii) the seed.

Double fertilization is a type fertilization mechanism of flowering plants. This process involves the fusion of a female gametophyte (mega gametophyte also called the embryo sac) with two male gametes (sperm).


•The ovary of flower develops and becomes a fruit.


•The ovule of flower develops and becomes a seed.


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What is the vegetative propagation? Where this method of reproduction find its application? List the advantages of vegetative propagation.

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What is meant by pollination? What are its two type? What are the agents which help in pollination?

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Draw a labelled diagram which shows the process of fertilization in plants. Distinguish between a gamete and zygote.

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(a) What is a clone? Why do offspring formed by asexual reproduction exhibit remarkable similarity?

(b) What is the basis for evolution? Where is the zygote located in the flower after fertilization?