Name the Greek city-states.

The settlements of the village tribes developed into small towns and later into cities as a result of improved living conditions. These states became the City States. Athens and Sparta were the two important city-states of Greece.

Athens:

Athens was a democratic city. The power of the city shifted by monarchical to oligarchical rule. Oligarchy refers to a small group of people who control and run a particular country whereas monarchy is a form of government where the country is ruled by an emperor, empress, king or queen. They are also called aristocrats. People belonging to the middle and lower classes played a pivotal role in bringing back democracy in the city. The city of Athens flourished in various fields such as art, literature, science, and philosophy during the period of Pericles. His period was called the Golden Age of Athens. Pericles proudly called his city The school of Hellas. World famous philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle hailed from Athens.

Sparta:

Sparta was the military state of Greece. Boys above the age of seven were trained for twelve years and recruited in the military.

Athens and Sparta were had cultural similarity and individual identity.