Describe any two projects operated by the government of India.

Multi-purpose projects are large-scale projects which include construction of dams, canals, pipelines, etc., to store water for irrigation, power generation, and many other useful purposes.

These projects are operated either by the Government of India or as a joint venture by two or more state governments.

Some of the projects which are operated by the Government of India are:

a. Hirakud Project:

1. The Hirakud dam is the longest dam in the world.

2. This dam is built across the river Mahanadi.

3. Hirakud dam can store 810 crore cubic metres of water and is about 4801 metres in length.

4. This dam is constructed at a distance of 14 km from Sambhalpur.

5. This dam is constructed to prevent flood during monsoon as the river Mahanadi is called as the Sorrow of Odisha.

6. Two canals Borgarh and Sesan are dug, and four powerhouses are built in this project.

b. Damodar Valley Project:

a. River Damodar is a tributary of river Hugli, is called the Sorrow of Bengal.

b. This river flows for about 290 metres in the state of Jharkhand and 240 km in West Bengal.

c. This river floods quite often and devastates the area, and as a preventive measure, the Government of India joined hands with the Government of West Bengal and Jharkhand for this project.

d. Damodar Valley Corporation was established.

e. Three dams namely Balpahari, Menthan, and Tilaiya, are built across river Barakar.

f. Bokaro dam across river Bokaro, konar dam across river Konar are also constructed.

g. Eight dams such as Balpahari, Barmo, and Aghar are constructed across river Damodar.

h. Three Hydroelectric plants are set up in Bokaro, Chandrapur, and Durgapur.

Besides these, there are many other projects which are operated by the Central Government all over India for the conservation of water.