Q2 of 11 Page 6

Explain the following concepts.

(1) Dialectics


(2) Annales School

(1) Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel came up with the concept known as Dialectics. This concept explains that to understand the true meaning of the event with regard to two direct opposites such as right-wrong, true-false; one must understand both the opposites like both right and wrong. The process to understand and interpret both the opposites is known as Dialectics.


(2) Annales School was started at the beginning of the 20th century by the French Historians in France. This school gave a new interpretation to the history writing by acknowledging that history is about the climate, local people, agriculture, trade, technology, means of communication, social divisions and their collective psychology and not only about the rulers, kingdoms, dynasties, leaders or historical events.


More from this chapter

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1

Choose the correct option from the given options and complete the sentences.

(1) It may be said that …….. was the founder of modern historiography.


(a) Voltaire


(b) René Descartes


(c) Leopold Ranké


(d) Karl Marx


(2) ………… wrote the book entitled ‘Archaeology of Knowledge.’


(a) Karl Marx


(b) Michel Foucault


(c) Lucien Febvre


(d) Voltaire

 1

Identify the wrong pair in the following, correct it and rewrite.

(1) Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel - ‘Reason in History’


(2) Leopold von Ranké - ‘The theory and Practice of History.’


(3) Herodotus - ‘The Histories’


(4) Karl Marx - ‘Discourse on the Method’

 3

Explain the following with its reason.

(1) Historical research was driven to focus in depth on various aspects of women’s life.


(2) Foucault called his method, ‘the archaeology of knowledge.’

 4

Answer the following in 25-30 words.

(1) What is historiography?


(2) What did René Descartes insist upon?


(3) Why is Voltaire said to be the founder of modern historiography?