Describe the explosive conditions prevailed in Balkans after 1871 in Europe.

OR

Describe the role of different religious groups in the development of anti-colonial

feelings in Vietnam.

Balkans, also called Balkan Peninsula, easternmost of Europe’s three great southern peninsulas. A large part of the region was under Ottoman empire. The empire began to disintegrate and state of instability established in the Balkan region.

The Balkans started to demand independence, political rights, and nationality. A rivalry like situation initiated in the region.

Bu the struggle and differences among the European powers led to a series of wars and finally first world war started.

OR

Vietnamese religious beliefs were mainly based on Buddhism, Confiscate and local practices. The French missionaries had introduced Christianity in Vietnam. The 18th century was marked by significant religious movements against the cultural attack of the French. One such movement was the Scholars Revolt of 1868 and was a protest against French rule and the spread of Christianity.