Describe any three provisions of the amendment made in ‘Indian Constitution’ in 1992 for making ‘Three-Tier’ government more effective and powerful. [CBSE 2018]

It is a form of democratic decentralization where the participation of even the grass root level of the society is ensured in the process of administration.

The amendments made are:

1. The acts of 1992 added two new parts IX and IX-A to the constitution, which contains the lists of functional items of Panchayats and Municipalities. It provides for a three-tier system of Panchayati Raj in every state – at the village, intermediate and district levels.

2. The 73rd Constitutional Amendment act provides for a Gram Sabha as the foundation of the Panchayati Raj system. It is essentially a village assembly consisting of all the registered voters in the area of the panchayat.

3.The 74th Constitutional Amendment act provides for three types of Municipalities, namely Nagar Panchayat, Municipal corporation, and Municipal Council.