Q5 of 8 Page 266

Look through this chapter and the previous one and make a list of the six Fundamental Rights in the Constitution.

The constitution of India has given fundamental rights which are considered as the basic human rights of all the citizens, irrespective of their age, gender, caste, creed or religion. These are very important parts of the constitution which were developed with great integrated efforts.

There are six fundamental rights. They are Right to Equality, Right to Freedom, Right against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of Religion, Cultural and Educational Rights, and Right to Constitutional Remedies.


1) Right to equality: According to this right all the person are considered equal by the law. It ensures the equal right for everyone. It prohibits inequality on the basis of religion, race, gender, place of birth or caste. The State can not discriminate anyone in matters of employment on the above grounds.


2) Right to freedom: This provides the citizen with various other rights. It includes the freedom of speech, freedom of assembly without arms, freedom of movement within the territory of India, freedom to practice any profession, freedom to reside in any part of the country and freedom of expression.


3) Right against exploitation: Right against exploitation condemns human trafficking, child labour in factories and mines and any other kind of forced labor. All of these acts are punishable by law and are considered a serious offence.


4) Right to freedom of religion: According to this right, a person has the right to practice, profess and propagate the religion of his own choice. It ensures religious freedom and secularity in the country. All the religions must be treated equally, without any parcel treatment. The state also does not have any official religion.


5) Cultural and educational right: It protects the right of the cultural, and linguistic minority. Which enables them to conserve did heritage and protect them against any form of discrimination. They have the right to set up their own educational institution. This right also ensures education for everyone irrespective of their caste, gender, and religion.


6) Right two constitutional remedies: According to this right every Indian citizen can go to the Supreme Court of India to ask for enforcement of the fundamental right or protection against violation of any of the fundamental right.


More from this chapter

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3

Which of these statements about the relationship between democracy and rights is more valid? Give reasons for your preference.

a. Every country that is a democracy gives rights to its citizens.


b. Every country that gives rights to its citizens is a democracy


c. Giving rights is good, but it is not necessary for a democracy

4

Are these restrictions on the right to freedom justified? Give reasons for your answer.

a. Indian citizens need permission to visit some border areas of the country for reasons of security


b. Outsiders are not allowed to buy property in some areas to protect the interest of the local population


c. The government bans the publication of a book that can go against the ruling party in the next elections

6

Are the Fundamental Rights being violated in each of the following cases? If so, which Fundamental Right or Rights? Discuss with your classmates.

a. Suppose a person is kept in a police station for 4 days without being told which law was broken?


b. Suppose your neighbour tries to claim some of your lands as her own.


c. Suppose your parents do not allow you to go to school. They make you take up a job in a match factory instead because they cannot afford to feed you properly.


d. Suppose your brother refuses to give you the land that you have inherited from your father.

7

Suppose you are an advocate. How would you argue the case for a group of people who come to you with the following request:

“The river in our area is getting very polluted by the factories upstream. We get our drinking water from the river. People in our villages keep falling ill because of the polluted water. We have complained to the government, but there has been no action from their side. This is surely a violation of our Fundamental Rights.”