Describe in brief causes and results of Arab Spring.

Causes of Arab Spring were-

a. Economic Causes- the economic condition of the Middle East countries was very much deteriorating. The people were suffering from food crisis and low standard of living. Level of unemployment was increasing.

b. Social Causes- The people did not have the social freedom to move freely or to express their opinions in the public. The government of dictator had the absolute rule over the whole society.

c. Corruption- In Middle East countries the corruption was at its height during this this time. The business elites collaborated with the regime to exploit the masses.

d. Rebellion- Within a month of the downfall of Tunisian dictatorship in 2011, the protests spread to almost every Arab country, as people revolted, though with varying intensity, but the media helped to a great extent to give further encouragement to the rebellion.

e. Sudden cause- the death of Mohammed Bouazizi, the street hawker of Tunisia led the inhabitants of Arab states to go against the despotic rulers. He committed the self-immolation as a protest in December, 2010, when his goods were taken away and he was humiliated at the hands of a female municipal officer.

Followings were the results of the Arab Spring-

a. Removal of Authoritarian rulers from Tunisia, Libya and Egypt- Most of the Middle Eastern countries were being ruled by the authoritarian rulers. Many of them ruled for decades so, after the revolt these despotic rulers were being removed from their thrones.

b. Political and Social Rights- The rulers of Oman, Saudi Arabia, Morocco and Bahrain granted social and economic rights to their citizens.

c. Development of Public Political Sphere- Arab Springs marked the formation of a public political sphere where common masses could discuss politics openly in the public places.

d. Emergence of democracy- the revolt was a successful attempt at bringing democratic ideals in the Middle Eastern countries. The people got freedom from all the despotic shackles after long drawn war against it.