Answer each of the following questions in eight to ten sentences:

Explain briefly the two types of Industries.

The secondary sector of economic activities is concerned with the processing of raw materials into products and goods. Industry belongs to this secondary sector and is involved with the production of goods, extraction of minerals and/or the provision of services. There are various manners of classifying industries as they vary on the basis of raw materials, size and ownership. Industries are classified into two main types - primary industries and secondary industries.

• Primary Industries – these industries utilize natural resources to produce goods and include agriculture, fishing, dairy farming, mining etc. they are further divided into

i. Genetic Industries – these industries like horticulture, dairy farming, poultry farming, etc are engaged in reproduction of different crops, plants and animals and thereby increasing the wealth of the nation.

ii. Extractive Industries – these industries like extraction of ores, drilling of oil wells etc., deal with extracting different raw materials and ores from the earth’s surface.

• Secondary industries – these industries utilize labour for production of goods. They ae further divided into

i. Manufacturing Industries – industries like those converting iron ore to steel or sugarcane to sugar and are thus, engaged in converting raw materials or semi-finished products into finished goods fall in this category. These industries are highly labour intensive.

ii. Construction Industries – these industries are engaged in construction of various transport and communication requirements and thus aid in development of economic activities.