Stolon, offset and rhizome are different forms of stem modifications. How can these modified forms of stem be distinguished from each other?

Distinguish between families Fabaceae, Solanaceae, Liliaceae on the basis of gynoecium characteristics (with figures). Also write economic importance of any one of the above family.

Describe various stem modifications associated with food storage, climbing and protection.

The mode of arrangements of sepals or petals in a floral bud is known as aestivation. Draw the various types of aestivation possible for a typical pentamerous flower.

The arrangements of ovules within the ovary is known as placentation. What does the term placenta refer to? Name and draw various types of placentation’s in the flower as seen in T.S. or V.S.