Greenhouse effect leads to global warming. Which substances are responsible for the greenhouse effect?

The greenhouse effect is the trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere, due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface. Greenhouse gases are the substances responsible for the greenhouse effect.

The greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone.