Why are farm labourers like Dala and Ramkali poor?

Would you agree that the distribution of cultivated land is unequal in Palampur? Do you find a similar situation for India? Explain.

Identify the work being done on the field in the pictures (given below) and arrange them in a proper sequence.

1. Cutting of crops

2. Spraying of insecticides

3. Cultivation by traditional method

4. Ploughing the field by bullock.

5. Sowing

6. Cultivation by modern method.

Gosaipur and Majauli are two villages in north Bihar. Out of a total of 850 households in the two villages, there are more than 250 men, who are employed in rural Punjab and Haryana or in Delhi, Mumbai, Surat, Hyderabad or Nagpur. Such migration is common in most villages across India. Why do people migrate? Can you describe (based on your imagination) the work that the migrants of Gosaipur and Majauli might do at the place of destination.

Let us take three farmers. Each has grown wheat on his field, though the production is different (see Column 2). The consumption of wheat by each farmer family is the same (Column 3). The whole of surplus of wheat this year is used as capital for next year's production. Also suppose production is twice the capital used in production.

Complete the tables.

Farmer 1

Farmer 2

Farmer 3