Read the following descriptions and answer the questions that follow:

Kishora is a farm labourer. Like other such labourers, Kishora found it difficult to meet his family's needs from the wages that he received. A few years back, Kishora took a loan from the bank. This was under a government programme which was giving cheap loans to poor landless households. Kishora bought a buffalo with this money. He now sells the buffalo's milk. Further he has attached a wooden cart to his buffalo and uses it to transport various items. Once a week he goes to the river Ganga to bring back clay for the potter. Or sometimes he goes to Shahpur with a load of jaggery or other commodities. Every month he gets some work in transport. As a result, Kishora is able to earn more than what he used to do some years back.

1) What is Kishora's fixed capital?

2) What do you think would be his working capital?

3) In how many production activities is Kishora involved?

4). Would you say that Kishora has benefited from better roads in Palampur ?

Read the following descriptions and answer the questions that follow:

Mishrilal has purchased a mechanical sugarcane crushing machine run on electricity and has set it up on his field. Sugarcane crushing was earlier done with the help of bullocks but people prefer to do it by machines these days. Mishrilal also buys sugarcane from other farmers and processes it into jaggery. The jaggery is then sold to traders at Shahpur. In the process, Mishrilal makes a small profit.

1) What capital did Mishrilal need to set up his jaggery manufacturing unit?

2) Who provides the labour in this case?

3) Can you guess why Mishrilal is unable to increase his profit?

4) Could you think of any reasons when he might face a loss?

5) Why does Mishrilal sell his jaggery to traders in Shahpur and not in his village?

Read the following descriptions and answer the questions that follow:

Kareem has opened a computer class centre in the village. In recent years, a large number of students have been attending college in Shahpur town. Kareem found that a number of students from the village are also attending computer classes in the town. There were two women in the village having a degree in computer applications. He decided to employ them. He bought computers and set up the classes in the front room of their house over looking the market. High class students have started attending them in good numbers.

1) In what ways is Kareem's capital and labour different from Mishrilal’s?

2) Why didn't someone start a computer centre earlier? Discuss the possible reasons.

Every village in India is surveyed once in ten years during the Census some of details are presented in the following format. Fill up the following based on information on Palampur.

(a) Location

(b) Total Area of the Village.

(c) Land Use (In Hectares)

(d) FACILITIES

Modern farming methods require Communication more inputs which are manufactured in Nearest Town industry. Do you agree?