Q10 of 53 Page 234

What are the different oxidation states exhibited by the lanthanoids?

+3 oxidation state is the most common oxidation state of lanthanides i.e., Ln(III) compounds are predominant. +2 and +4 oxidation states can also be found in the solution or in solid compounds, but are not predominant.


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8

What are the characteristics of the transition elements and why are they called transition elements? Which of the d-block elements may not be regarded as the transition elements?

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In what way is the electronic configuration of the transition elements different from that of the non-transition elements?

 11

Explain giving reasons:

Transition metals and many of their compounds show paramagnetic behaviour.

 11

Explain giving reasons:

The enthalpies of atomization of the transition metals are high.