Q23 of 53 Page 234

Which metal in the first series of transition metals exhibits +1 oxidation state most frequently and why?

copper (29) has electronic configuration 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s1. It can easily lose one electron to give stable configuration as it has completely filled d-orbital.


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21

How would you account for the following:

The d1 configuration is very unstable in ions.

 22

What is meant by ‘disproportionation’? Give two examples of disproportionation reaction in aqueous solution.

 24

Calculate the number of unpaired electrons in the following gaseous ions: Mn3+, Cr3+, V3+, and Ti3+. Which one of these is the most stable in aqueous solution?

 25

Give examples and suggest reasons for the following features of the transition metal chemistry:

(i) The lowest oxide transition metal is basic, the highest is amphoteric/acidic.


(ii) A transition metal exhibits highest oxidation state in oxides and fluorides.


(iii) The highest oxidation state is exhibited in oxoanions of a metal.