Q7 of 41 Page 2

Mention the Czars who ruled Russia from 1801 to 1917 and write a brief account on each on them .

The Czars who ruled Russia from 1801 to 1917 were … Alexander I (1801-25)
Nicholas I (1825-55)
Alexander II (1855-81),
Alexander III (1881-1894)
Nicholas II (1894 –1917) * Alexander I (1801-25)
Alexander began his regime as a liberal but was later influenced by the staunch reactionary. * Nicholas I (1825-55)
Nicholas I, had no sympathy for western liberalism and crushed revolts at home and also in Poland.* Alexander II (1855-81)
One of the most important reforms that Alexander II carried out in his country was the liberation of millions of Serfs. This is called the famous Edict Emancipation (1861). He drew up a programme by which the serfs became free and owned plots of agricultural land. However they were made to pay a sum of money every year to compensate the landlord for the loss of his land. After some time the Czar lost much interest in the reforms and started his reactionary rule. He was assassinated in 1881.
* Alexander III (1881-1894)
Alexander III , to avenge his father's murder, let loose the reign of oppression. He tightened press censorship and ordered the arrest of all suspected persons who opposed the rule.
* Nicholas II (1894 –1917) 
Nicholas II also continued to remain as oppressive as the earlier Czars. The common people began to hate him and his notorious ministers.

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