Q18 of 284 Page 228

State and explain the laws of refraction of light with the help of a labeled diagram.

Laws of refraction:


first law of refraction states that, the incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane.


Second law of refraction states that, the ratio of the sine of angle of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction is constant for a given pair of media.


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The speed of light in water is 2.25 x 108 m/s. If the speed of light in vacuum be 3 x 108 m/s, calculate the refractive index of water.

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Light enters from air into diamond which has a refractive index of 2.42. Calculate the speed of light in diamond. The speed of light in air is 3.0 x108 ms-1.

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What is meant by the refractive index of a substance?

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Light travels through air at 300 million ms-1. On entering water it slows down to 225 million ms-1. Calculate the refractive index of water.