Q1 of 18 Page 59

Who discovered cells and how?

In 1665, Robert Hooke, a British scientist took a thin slice of cork from an oak tree and observed it under the microscope. He observed honeycomb like compartments bounded by thick walls; hence, named them “cells”. These were dead cells.


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1

Why is the cell called the structural and functional unit of life?

 1

How do substances like CO2 and water move in and out of the cell?

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Why is plasma membrane called a selectively permeable membrane?

 1

Fill in the gaps in the following table illustrating differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.











Prokaryotic cell



Eukaryotic cell



1. Size : generally small (1-10 μm); 1μm = 10-6 m


2. Nuclear region :


................................


...............................


And known as ..............


3. Chromosome : single


4. Membrane – bound organelles : absent



1. Size generally large (5-100 Mm)


2. Nuclear region : well defined and surrounded by a nuclear membrane


3. Chromosome : more than one


4. .......................


...........................