Answer the following in one sentence each.

(a) Why did Mahatma Phule organize a strike of nabhiks?

(b) What did Narayan Guru suggest for removing caste differences?

(c) What kind of worship did the Prarthana Samaj advocate?

(d) What did Swami Vivekananda teach?

(a) Mahatma Jotirao Phule organized a strike of nabhiks in order to put an end to the practice of tonsure.

NOTE – Tonsure is a practice of shaving or cutting some or all the hair present on the scalp as a sign of religious devotion.

(b) Narayan Guru organized the reform movement for the removal of social inequality in Kerala. With a view to abolishing caste discrimination, he gave immense importance to inter-caste marriage.

(c) The foundations of the Prarthana Samaj based on the teachings of Warkari movement advocated prayers and devotional songs in place of rituals for worshipping God.

NOTE – Warkari Movement is a religious movement associated with the worship of Vitthal (presiding deity of pandharpur), regarded as a form of Krishna.

(d) Swami Vivekananda taught that ‘service to humanity’ is the true religion, criticizing superstitions, caste system and other ills prevalent in the society.