Q9 of 40 Page 13

What are variations? Mention their types.

Variation defined as the differences in the characteristics of the individual of a progeny from each other or from their parents.


Or


Difference between a member of the same population or a different population.


Types of variation are—


i. Somatic variation


ii. Germinal variation


i. Somatic variation


The variation in the somatic cells (Cells beside sex cells) which is acquired by the individual in their life and not passed in their progenies.


ii. Germinal variation


The variation in the germ cells (Sex cells) of an organism and it is inheritable. Germinal variation leads to evolution.


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Biotechnology, the modern science in biology, has helped in producing different types of products. One of the following groups does not have a product of biotechnology.

Pick out and give reasons.


i) enzymes, organic acids, steroids, vaccines


ii) vaccines, enzymes, antibiotics, inorganic acids


iii) antibiotics, hormones, steroids, vaccines


iv) steroids, enzymes, antibodies, vaccines

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What do you mean by phenotype and genotype of an individual? Explain.

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Who proposed the theory of Natural Selection? Mention the two principles of this theory.

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What are monoclonal antibodies? Mention its use.